Introduction Mechanism induces apoptosis may target specific proteins over-expressed in cancer cells e.g. tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib (Gleevec) for chronic myelogenous leukemia gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor, Iressa) for lung, breast cancer erlotinib (EGFR inhibitor, Tarceva) for NSCLC and pancreatic cancer eliminates micrometastasis in lungs >98% necrosis with chemotherapy is good prognostic sign Resistance expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) gene portends very poor prognosis cells can pump chemotherapy out of cell present in 25% of primary lesions and 50% of metastatic lesions Indications Integral component of treatment along with surgical resection in osteosarcoma (intramedullary and periosteal) Ewing's sarcoma/primative neuroectodermal tumor malignant fibrous histiocytoma dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma chemotherapy for soft tissue sarcoma is controversial Administration Preoperative chemotherapy given for 8-12 weeks Maintenance chemotherapy for 6-12 months Specific Agents & Antidotes Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) mechanism doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic commonly used in oncological protocols functions as a cytostatic agent side effects cardiac toxicity leads to congestive heart failure dexrazoxane used to mitigate toxicity Agents and Antidotes mechlorethamine/cisplatin - give sodium thiosulfate doxorubicin/epirubicin - give dexrazoxane vinca alkaloids (vincristine/vinblastine) - give hot compress and hyaluronidase give cold compress for all other vesicants
QUESTIONS 1 of 5 1 2 3 4 5 Previous Next (OBQ11.175) Doxorubicin, a common chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of osteosarcoma, has which of the following major dose-limiting toxicities? QID: 3598 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Cardiomyopathy 90% (2742/3050) 2 Pulmonary fibrosis 5% (147/3050) 3 Myelosuppression 3% (102/3050) 4 Encephalopathy 0% (14/3050) 5 Urotoxicity 1% (35/3050) L 1 Question Complexity C Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 1 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic (OBQ09.167) Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are currently used in the medical treatment of which of the following? QID: 2980 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Paget's disease 15% (443/3042) 2 Osteogenesis imperfecta 3% (104/3042) 3 Cancer 71% (2153/3042) 4 Osteoporosis 3% (100/3042) 5 Osteopetrosis 8% (234/3042) L 1 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 3 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic (OBQ08.273) What is the major side-effect of doxorubicin? QID: 659 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 neuropathy 4% (117/2674) 2 hearing loss 3% (69/2674) 3 pulmonary fibrosis 4% (111/2674) 4 cardiac toxicity 88% (2340/2674) 5 liver cirrhosis 1% (21/2674) L 1 Question Complexity C Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 4 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic (OBQ06.125) Pharmacologically induced apoptosis occurs during the medical therapy of which of the following disorders? QID: 311 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Phenol adjuvant resection bed therapy in giant cell tumors 12% (241/2094) 2 TNF-alpha inhibitor treatment in rheumatoid arthritis 6% (124/2094) 3 Colchicine treatment for gout 2% (50/2094) 4 Vancomycin therapy for MRSA infection 2% (38/2094) 5 Doxorubicin neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cancer 78% (1632/2094) L 2 Question Complexity C Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 5 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic (OBQ05.101) Which of the following is true regarding apoptosis? QID: 987 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 It is the primary mechanism by which conventional chemotherapy kills cancer cells 77% (1153/1491) 2 It is the primary mechanism by which cancer metastasis occurs 1% (22/1491) 3 It is the primary mechanism by which cancer causes organ failure 1% (20/1491) 4 It is the primary mechanism by which cancer forms lytic lesions in bone 3% (45/1491) 5 None of the above 16% (245/1491) L 2 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 1 Review Tested Concept Review Full Topic
All Videos (4) Podcasts (1) Login to View Community Videos Login to View Community Videos oncology Introduction to Cancer Biology (Part 4): Angiogenesis Mohammed Al Sobeai Pathology - Chemotherapy E 12/3/2016 120 views 0.0 (0) Login to View Community Videos Login to View Community Videos oncology Introduction to Cancer Biology (Part 3): Tissue Invasion and Metastasis Mohammed Al Sobeai Pathology - Chemotherapy E 12/3/2016 100 views 0.0 (0) Login to View Community Videos Login to View Community Videos oncology Introduction to Cancer Biology (Part 2): Loss of Apoptosis Mohammed Al Sobeai Pathology - Chemotherapy E 12/2/2016 121 views 0.0 (0) Pathology⎪Chemotherapy Orthobullets Team Pathology - Chemotherapy Listen Now 0:0 min 6/4/2020 203 plays 0.0 (0) See More See Less