Please confirm topic selection

Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?

Please confirm action

You are done for today with this topic.

Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?

Updated: Jun 16 2021

Turner's Syndrome

Images
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/4106/images/turner.jpg
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/4106/images/good_turnerse0dac6ae90085d0ac7a.jpg
  • summary
    • Turner's Syndrome is a common congenital disorder caused by a missing X chromosome that presents with scoliosis, short stature, webbed neck, amenorrhea, cardiovascular abnormalities, and osteoporosis. 
    • Diagnosis is made with chromosomal testing showing a 45 XO genotype.
    • Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach to address orthopedic manifestations, cardiovascular abnormalities, and genitourinary anomalies. 
  • Epidemiology
    • Incidence
      • 1 in every 2,000 live births
    • Demographics
      • only in females
      • less than 10% of cases are diagnosed antenatally
      • largest proportion are diagnosed between ages 10 to 16
  • Etiology
    • Genetics
      • mutation
        • 45 XO genotype
    • Associated condtitions
      • medical
        • sexual infantilism
        • malignant hyperthermia common with anethesia
      • orthopaedic
        • cubitus valgus
        • idiopathic scoliosis (may be exacerbated by growth hormone therapy)
        • genu valgum
        • short 4th metacarpals
        • congenital hip dislocation
        • web neck
        • osteoporosis
  • Presentation
    • Symptoms
      • amenorrhea
      • short stature
      • webbed neck
    • Physical exam
      • amenorrhea with present uterus
      • coarctation of the aorta may be evident on auscultation
      • low hairline in back
      • low-set ears
      • extremity edema
      • hypertension
      • signs of thyroid dysfunction
      • stool guaiac may identify GI bleeding
  • Imaging
    • Radiographs
      • recommended views
        • triplanar films of the hand
        • biplanar knee films
      • findings
        • short fourth metacarpal on AP view
        • genu valgum on AP of knees
  • Treatment
    • Nonoperative
      • monitor for osteoporosis
Card
1 of 3
Private Note

Attach Treatment Poll
Treatment poll is required to gain more useful feedback from members.
Please enter Question Text
Please enter at least 2 unique options
Please enter at least 2 unique options
Please enter at least 2 unique options