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Review Question - QID 3169

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QID 3169 (Type "3169" in App Search)
A 44-year-old male with long standing insulin dependent diabetes complains of a non-healing plantar foot ulcer. The ulcer is shown in Figure A. The second metatarsal head can be probed at the base of the wound, and he lacks plantar sensation. Laboratory work-up for infection is negative. Which of the following is the best initial treatment?
  • A

Ray resection and primary wound closure

3%

91/2995

Oral antibiotics and local wound care

2%

51/2995

Local wound care and non-weight bearing in a removable boot

24%

731/2995

Surgical debridement, dressing changes, and IV antibiotics

55%

1645/2995

Transmetatarsal amputation

16%

466/2995

  • A

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The wound described and shown in this question would be classified as a Wagner Grade 3 ulcer due to the presence of exposed bone. The ability to probe bone at the base of the ulcer is indicative of underlying osteomyelitis and this should be initially treated with surgical debridement, IV antibiotics and local wound care.

Pinzur et al provide an overview of diabetic foot care and address physical examination, patient education, and basic treatment guidelines.

Grayson et al evaluated 76 foot ulcers and found that palpating bone on probing the pedal ulcer had a sensitivity of 66% for osteomyelitis, a specificity of 85%, and should be should be included in the initial assessment of all diabetic patients with infected pedal ulcers.

Incorrect Answers:

Answer 1: Ray resection or partial foot amputation could be considered in this case, however this is usually reserved for patients who have failed local treatment or are systemically ill from their ulcer.
Answer 2 & 3: Oral antibiotics or boot application are not an aggressive enough treatment option in this clinical scenario, and are more appropriate treatment options for Wagner grade 1 ulcers.
Answer 5: Local debridement is more appropriate prior to moving forward with a transmet amputation

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