Review Question - QID 1182

Figure A shows a shoulder in 45 degrees of abduction and 45 degrees of external rotation. The MGHL restrains anterior and posterior translation in the midrange of abduction. The CHL limits inferior translation and external rotation when then arm is adducted and limits posterior translation when the arm is flexed, adducted, and internal rotation. The SGHL also restrains inferior translation and external rotation of the adducted shoulder. The IGHL has an anterior band that is the primary restraint to anterior translation at 90 degrees of shoulder abduction. It also has a posterior band to limit posterior translation. The CA ligament prevents superior head migration in rotator cuff deficient shoulders.

The study by Kuhn et al was a cadaveric study of 20 shoulder specimens mounted in a testing apparatus to simulate the thrower's late-cocking position. They found that cutting the entire inferior glenohumeral ligament resulted in the greatest increase in external rotation (approximately 10 degrees).