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Updated: Jun 23 2025

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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  • summary
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology
    • Pathophysiology
      • immunology
        • cell-mediated (T cell-MHC type II) immune response against soft tissues (early), cartilage (later), and bone (later)
          • rheumatoid factor
            • an IgM antibody against native IgG antibodies
            • immune complex is then deposited in end tissues like the kidney as part of the pathophysiology
          • mononuclear cells
            • are the primary cellular mediator of tissue destruction in RA
          • IL-1, TNF-alpha
            • are part of cascade that leads to joint damage
          • immune response thought be related to
            • infectious etiology or
            • HLA locus
      • pathoanatomy
        • cascade of events includes
          • antigen-antibody and antibody-antibody reactions >
          • microvascular proliferation and obstruction >
          • synovial pannus formation (histology shows prominent intimal hyperplasia) >
          • joint subluxation, chondrocyte death/joint destruction, and deformity >
          • tendon tenosynovitis and rupture
    • Genetics
      • associated with specific HLA loci (HLA-DR4 & HLA DW4)
      • ~15% rate of concordance amongst monozygotic twins
    • Associated conditions
      • orthopaedic manifestations
        • see below
      • medical conditions & comorbidities
        • rheumatoid vasculitis
        • pericarditis
        • pulmonary disease
        • Felty's syndrome (RA with splenomegaly and leukopenia)
        • Still's disease (acute onset RA with fever, rash and splenomegaly)
        • Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune condition affecting exocrine glands)
          • Decreased secretions from salivary and tear duct glands
          • Lymphoid tissue proliferation
  • Presentation
  • Imaging
  • Studies
  • Diagnostic Criteria (1987 Revised Criteria for Diagnosis of RA)
  • Treatment
  • Cervical Spondylitis
  • Finger Conditions
  • Thumb Conditions
  • Flexor Tendon Conditions
  • Extensor Tendon Conditions
  • Wrist Conditions
  • Elbow Conditions
  • Shoulder Conditions
  • Hip Conditions
  • Knee Conditions
  • Foot & Toe Conditions
  • Cervical Conditions
  • Complications
  • Prognosis
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Basic Science | Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Elbow (ft. Dr. Matthew L. Ramsey)
  • Basic Science
  • - Rheumatoid Arthritis
14:46 min
10/18/2019
135 plays
5.0
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(1)
Basic Science⎪Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Basic Science
  • - Rheumatoid Arthritis
55:21 min
8/13/2020
2044 plays
4.8
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(4)
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