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Review Question - QID 9096

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QID 9096 (Type "9096" in App Search)
As a diaphyseal fracture heals, peripheral callus forms about the shaft axis, creating a structure with a substantially larger diameter than the original diaphyseal shaft. What biomechanical properties does this callus impart to the healing fracture site?

Callus decreases torsional stability and stiffness at the fracture site

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Callus formation is random and unstructured and does not affect the local biomechanical properties

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The callus decreases peak torque to failure with time

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The callus increases the moment of inertia, resulting in less strain at the fracture site

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The callus decreases the moment of inertia, increasing stress at the fracture site

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Callus formation is biomechanically benefecial because it increases the outer diameter of the bone, leading to an increase in stiffness, torsional strength, moment of inertia, and decreases resultant interfragmentary strain at the fracture site.

The biomechanical role of the peripheral callus is to provide initial stability to the fracture and to act as a scaffold for gradual mineralization. Because the bending stiffness of a structure is proportional to the 4th power of the diameter, a peripherally located callus provides substantial stability to the fracture, despite the relatively low stiffness and strength of callus. For example, doubling the diameter of the callus increases the resistance to bending by a factor of 16. As mineralization progresses, the bending stiffness and strength of the healed fracture eventually may be substantially greater than that of the original, intact bone.

Augat et al.

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