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Review Question - QID 8735

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QID 8735 (Type "8735" in App Search)
A 20-year-old soccer player who collapsed after a goal kick reports weakness and nausea. He appears confused. Examination reveals that he is not sweating. His skin is warm and dry. The outdoor temperature is 80 degrees F (26.6 degrees C) with a relative humidity of 80%. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step for management of this patient?

a drink of water.

3%

20/755

a sports drink with electrolytes.

12%

89/755

placement in the reverse Trendelenburg position in a shaded area.

9%

66/755

immersion in a warm water bath.

3%

23/755

transportation to the emergency department.

73%

553/755

Select Answer to see Preferred Response

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There is a spectrum of heat-related conditions.

Heat cramps are the mildest form of heat illness. In heat exhaustion, cramps are associated with headache and weakness, and the skin is pale and moist. Treatment of heat cramps or heat exhaustion consists of removing and loosening excess clothing, applying ice to the axilla and groin, ingestion of cool water, and cool water sprays.

This patient demonstrates symptoms of heat stroke which is a medical emergency. The core body temperature may be as high as 106 to 110 degrees F (41.1 to 43.3 degrees C). In heat stroke, the patient may no longer be sweating, and the skin may be hot and red. The athlete is usually confused, weak, nauseated, and may have seizure activity. Central nervous system depression has been called the most important marker of heat stroke, and progresses from confusion and bizarre behavior to collapse, delirium, and coma. Bizarre behavior is often the first sign of heat stroke. The patient needs to be treated and moved to a medical facility rapidly. During transfer, IV fluids and cooling of the athlete should be initiated.

The best treatment of heat-related illness appears to be prevention with adequate hydration and monitoring of conditions (temperature and humidity), with cancellation of competition when conditions do not comply with guidelines.

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