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Quadriceps
37%
592/1608
Hamstrings
60%
961/1608
Gluteus muscles
1%
20/1608
Adductors
19/1608
Abdominals
0%
4/1608
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Imbalanced or excessive knee extensor power causes abnormal tension on the ACL. Strengthening and proprioreceptive control of the knee flexors/hamstrings protects against excessive or unopposed knee extensors which protect the ACL from excessive tensioning. The Ahmad reference states that "female athletes after menarche increase their quadriceps strength greater than their hamstring strength, putting them at risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Anterior cruciate ligament-prevention programs based on improving dynamic control of the knee by emphasizing hamstring strengthening should be instituted for girls after menarche." The Vescovi paper examines the effects of such a program on athletic performance. The Baratta paper looked at EMG results of quad and hamstrings and suggested exercise of the antagonist muscle to add to dynamic stability.
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