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FDL transfer to the navicular, medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy, and tendoachilles lengthening
30%
702/2376
Pantalar arthrodesis
2%
50/2376
FDL transfer to the navicular with lateral column lengthening through the anterior calcaneus
8%
201/2376
Posterior tibial tendon debridement and tenodesis to FDL
57/2376
Arthrodesis of calcaneocuboid, talonavicular, and subtalar joints
57%
1352/2376
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Stage III posterior tendon insufficiency is characterized by a fixed, rather than flexible deformity, with associated subtalar and midfoot arthritis which warrants triple arthrodesis (fusion of calcaneocuboid, talonavicular, and subtalar joints). Flexible deformity (Stage II) may be surgically treated with calcaneal osteotomy, FDL transfer, and lateral column lengthening. In stage IV the talotibial ankle joint is also arthritic, or there is talar tilt, and a pantalar fusion is warranted. The ICL by Myerson and Current Concept Review by Pinney and Lin review the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity.
4.4
(26)
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