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Nonoperative management based on the size of the posterior wall fragment
9%
287/3349
Operative management based on the size of the posterior wall fragment
3%
99/3349
Operative management based on the history of hip dislocation
101/3349
Dynamic fluoroscopic stress exam under anesthesia in the obturator oblique view
77%
2579/3349
Dynamic fluoroscopic stress exam under anesthesia in the iliac oblique view
8%
268/3349
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Joint stability is critical for successful nonoperative management of posterior wall acetabular fractures. Recent evidence has established that dynamic fluoroscopic stress examination is the best method to determine joint stability in the setting of a posterior wall fracture. The obturator oblique view allows for the best evaluation of hip joint stability during examination for posterior wall fractures. Grimshaw and Moed retrospectively reviewed the results of patients with posterior wall acetabular fractures managed nonoperatively after evaluation with dynamic fluoroscopic stress tests. At two year follow up, all had good to excellent Merle d’Aubigne clinical scores for hip function and no evidence of post-traumatic hip arthritis on AP pelvis radiographs. Tornetta retrospectively reviewed his results managing patients with dynamic fluoroscopic stress examination for acetabular fractures which met radiographic nonoperative criteria. Good-to-excellent clinical results were seen in 91% of patients managed nonoperatively. Tornetta reviewed management of acetabular fractures and Tornetta and Mostafavi separately reviewed management of hip dislocations. In both articles, emphasis is placed on dynamic examination of posterior wall fractures as instability has been seen with fractures comprising as little as 15% of the posterior wall. Illustration A demonstrates two fluoroscopic images from a dynamic stress exam of a patient with a posterior wall fracture. The image obtained in the obturator oblique view clearly demonstrates that the femoral head loses congruency with the acetabular dome. Incorrect Answers: Answers 1 & 2: Posterior wall fragment size less than 40% was historically used as an indirect measure of stability, however measurements of fragment size may be unreliable and instability has been seen with fractures much smaller than 40% Answer 3: A history of hip dislocation was thought to indicate a more unstable fracture. In the level IV study by Grimshaw and Moed, patients with an associated hip dislocation who were stable under stress exam had no significant difference in outcome with nonoperative management. Answer 5: The iliac oblique view is used to evaluate the anterior wall and posterior column. Displacement or instability of the posterior wall would not be seen with this view
4.1
(38)
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