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Bankart lesion
7%
128/1861
SLAP tear
6%
117/1861
Rotator cuff tear
2%
38/1861
ALPSA lesion
5%
86/1861
HAGL lesion
80%
1482/1861
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The humeral avulsion of glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is a rare cause of anterior shoulder instability. The prevalence among unstable shoulder is reported as 7-9%. The term HAGL was coined by Wolf in 1995. In 64 shoulders undergoing surgery for instability, they found 6 shoulders had HAGL lesions (9.3%), 11 shoulders with generalized capsular laxity (17.2%), and 47 shoulders with Bankart lesions (73.5%). Taylor found an even lower occurrence of HAGL in instability (only 1 of 67). The gold standard repair is by open repair although small case series of arthroscopic repairs have been described recently. Anterior labro-ligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) is when the IGHL complex, labrum, and periosteum are stripped and displaced medially and infereiorly on the scapular neck
3.7
(25)
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