Review Question - QID 2556

The rotator interval is the area between the anterior edge of the supraspinatus tendon superiorly, and the superior edge of the subscapularis tendon inferiorly. The medial border is comprised of the coracoid process and the lateral border is formed by the transverse humeral ligament.

The rotator interval contains the biceps long head tendon, superior glenohumeral ligament, and coracohumeral ligaments. During shoulder arthroscopy, closure of the rotator interval can be used in patients with shoulder instability. Conversely, this area is often contracted in patients with adhesive capsulitis and may need to be released.

Selecky et al. looked at cadaveric shoulder joints and the effects of arthroscopic thermal capsuloplasty on anterior and posterior glenohumeral translation. They found that closure or tightening of rotator interval was an effective way to significantly reduce anterior and posterior glenohumeral translation in vitro.

Harryman et al. studied the role of the rotator interval in terms of shoulder passive motion and stability. Their results show that shoulder instability and occasional dislocation of the glenohumeral joint occurred inferiorly and posteriorly after sectioning of the rotator interval capsule. Meanwhile, imbrication of the rotator interval increased the resistance to inferior and posterior translation and provided more stability.

Illustration A shows the anatomic boundaries and contents of the rotator interval.

Incorrect answers:
1- Long head of biceps is located within the rotator interval.
2- Anterior inferior glenohumeral ligament is located inferior to the rotator interval.
3- Axillary pouch is located inferior to the rotator interval.
5- Inferior edge is defined by superior border of subscapularis tendon.