Review Question - QID 1428

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Heat Illness and Stroke QID: 1428 (SBQ07SM.43)

QID 1428 (Type "1428" in App Search)

Which of the following conditions are characterized by hyperthermia, central nervous system dysfunction, and loss of thermo-regulatory function?

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Heat syncope

16/2180

Heat cramps

9/2180

Heat exhaustion

34/2180

Heat stroke

90%

1964/2180

Heat shock

146/2180

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Heat stroke consists of hyperthermia (greater than 105.8 degrees F [41 degrees C]), central nervous system dysfunction, and cessation of sweating with hot, dry skin. It is a medical emergency that results from failure of the thermo-regulatory mechanisms of the body. It has a high death rate and requires rapid reduction in body core temperature. Heat syncope is characterized by a transient loss of consciousness with peripheral vasodilation and decreased cardiac output with normal body temperature. Heat cramps involve painful contractions of large muscle groups because of decreased hydration and a decrease of serum sodium and chloride. Heat exhaustion is distinguished by a core temperature of less than 102.2 degrees F (39 degrees C) and an absence of central nervous system dysfunction. Hypernatremic heat exhaustion results from inadequate water replacement.

The reference by Knochel et al. reviews some unusual etiologies of environmental-induced heat illnesses.

The reference by Khosla et al. also reviews heat induced illnesses and their treatment.