• BACKGROUND
    • Ankle fractures are common, with an incidence of up to 174 cases per 100 000 adults per year. Their correct classification and treatment are of decisive importance for clinical outcome.
  • METHOD
    • Selective review of the literature.
  • RESULTS
    • Ankle fractures are initially evaluated by physical examination and then by x-ray. They can be classified according to either the AO Foundation (Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) or the Weber classification. Dislocated fractures need emergency treatment with immediate reduction; this is crucial for the prevention of hypoperfusion and nerve damage. Weber A fractures can usually be treated conservatively, while Weber B and C fractures are usually treated with surgery. An evaluation of the stability of the syndesmosis is important for anatomical reconstruction of the joint. Wound hematoma and wound-edge necrosis are the most common complications, and the postoperative infection rate is 2%. Up to 10% of patients develop ankle arthrosis over the intermediate or long term.
  • CONCLUSION
    • With properly chosen treatment, a good clinical outcome can be achieved. The long-term objective is to prevent post-traumatic ankle arthrosis. The evidence level for optimal treatment strategies is low.