Indications Can access L1 to sacrum slightly more difficult to reach L5-S1 disk space than transperitoneal approach bifurcation of great vessels anterior to L4 vertebral body Indications psoas abscess drainage (without risk of postoperative ileitits) spinal fusion biopsy or resection of vertebral body disc replacement exposure of sympathetic chain (general surgery) Postion Place in semilateral position (45 degrees to horizontal) use sandbags or bean bag to hold patient at angle or place patient supine and tilt table Place left side up aorta is more resistent to injury than vena cava Incision Make incision from posterior half of 12th rib to lateral border of rectus abdominis (midway between umbilicus and pubic symphysis) Approach Approach to spine incise subcutaneous fat expose aponeurosis of external oblique muscle divide external oblique in line with fibers divide internal oblique in line with incision and perpendicular to muscle fibers divide transverus abdominis in line with skin incision bluntly disect plane between retroperitoneal fat and psoas fascia retract peritoneal cavity medially bring ureter with peritoneal cavity follow surface of psoas muscle to vertebral bodies tie off segmental lumbar arteries of aorta in the field of dissection L4/5 disc space mobilize aorta to the contralateral side place needle in disc and take lateral xray to identify level L5/S1 disc space work between the bifurcation of aorta place needle in disc and take lateral xray to identify level Dangers Sympathetic chain lateral aspect of vertebral body Genitofemoral nerve anterior surface of psoas muscle attached to fascia Segmental arteries segmental lumbar arteries and veins aorta Ureter lies between psoas fascia and peritoneum attached more firmly to peritoneum stroke to produce peristalsis to confirm Superior hypogastric plexus injury leads to retrograde ejaculation
QUESTIONS 1 of 5 1 2 3 4 5 Previous Next Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK You have 100% on this question. Just skip this one for now. Take This Question Anyway (SBQ09SP.58) Figure A demonstrates a cadaveric dissection of a retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine. The aorta, L2 vertebral body, and L3 vertebral body are labeled. Which of the following structures labeled 1-5 identifies the genitofemoral nerve? Review Topic | Tested Concept QID: 3421 FIGURES: A Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Number 1 1% (14/1226) 2 Number 2 14% (174/1226) 3 Number 3 77% (938/1226) 4 Number 4 5% (63/1226) 5 Number 5 2% (27/1226) L 2 Question Complexity C Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 3 You have 100% on this question. Just skip this one for now. Take This Question Anyway This is an AAOS Self Assessment Exam (SAE) question. Orthobullets was not involved in the editorial process and does not have the ability to alter the question. If you prefer to hide SAE questions, simply turn them off in your Learning Goals. (SAE08AN.1) During a retroperitoneal approach to the L4-5 disk, what structure must be ligated to safely mobilize the common iliac vessels toward the midline from laterally and gain exposure? Review Topic | Tested Concept QID: 6161 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 Obturator vein 4% (15/405) 2 Iliolumbar vein 73% (297/405) 3 External iliac vein 7% (29/405) 4 Middle sacral artery 9% (35/405) 5 Hypogastric artery 5% (21/405) L 2 Question Complexity E Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 2 You have 100% on this question. Just skip this one for now. Take This Question Anyway (OBQ08.22) A surgeon is planning to place an anterior interbody device in the lumbar spine using a retroperitoneal approach. A vertebral body is identified directly posterior to the bifurcation of the aorta. What is the most likely level of this vertebral body? Review Topic | Tested Concept QID: 408 Type & Select Correct Answer 1 L2 11% (212/1936) 2 L3 9% (168/1936) 3 L4 68% (1312/1936) 4 L5 12% (230/1936) 5 S1 0% (2/1936) L 3 Question Complexity C Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 3 You have 100% on this question. Just skip this one for now. Take This Question Anyway (OBQ07.214) An MR aortogram is shown in Figure A. What structure is identified by the red arrow in the coronal and axial views? Review Topic | Tested Concept QID: 875 FIGURES: A Type & Select Correct Answer 1 hypogastric plexus 2% (17/773) 2 superior mesenteric artery 6% (44/773) 3 inferior mesenteric artery 9% (66/773) 4 segmental lumbar artery 82% (634/773) 5 sympathetic chain 1% (6/773) L 2 Question Complexity D Question Importance Select Answer to see Preferred Response SUBMIT RESPONSE 4