Anabolic steroids Introduction cause increase in muscle strength increase aggressive behavior increased erythropoiesis side effects hypertension liver tumors increased LDL decreased HDL hypercholesterolemia Intake either oral or injection routes possible Evaluation an abnormally low high-density lipoprotein level should alert the physician to the possibility of steroid use in an athlete. blood testing examines for testosterone to epitestosterone ratio of > 6:1 Physical exam increased body weight testicular atrophy irreversible deepening of female voice alopecia (irreversible) reduction in gonadotropic and sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) can lead to decreased bone mineral density oligospermia or azoospermia growth retardation gynecomastia Type of steroids Human Growth hormone (HGH) the most abundant substance produced by the pituitary gland. Growth hormone has a direct anabolic effect by accelerating the incorporation of amino acids into proteins. It is becoming an increasingly popular anabolic steroid substitute; similar effects from insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) increased muscle size but not strength Side effects: myopathic muscles development carpal tunnel syndrome insulin resistance Androstenedione an androgen produced by the adrenal glands and gonads acts as a potent anabolic steroid and is converted in the liver directly to testosterone with a resultant increase in levels after administration. DHEA is a naturally occurring hormone made by the adrenal cortex. it is converted to androstenedione, which in turn is converted to testosterone. the beneficial and adverse effects of DHEA can be correlated directly with those of testosterone. Erythropoietin (EPO) stimulates hemoglobin production and increases O2 carrying capacity side effects increased blood viscosity which can lead to stroke or myocardial infarctions Somatotropin a growth hormone that causes hypertrophy of type 1 muscles and atrophy of type 2 muscle Catabolic Hormones Glucagon has a catabolic effect on skeletal muscle Supplements Creatine Introduction derived from glycine, arginine, and methionine a muscle and power building supplement (not an anabolic steroid) mechanism is that creatinine is converted to phosphocreatine, which acts as a source of ATP for muscle studies have shown although it can increase work in anaerobic trials, it cannot increase peak force widely used in conjunction with off-season weight lifting programs Outcomes studies show mixed results with regard to enhanced sports performance Risks pulls water from blood vessels into cells, creating a theoretical risk of dehydration Reports of cramps increased muscle injury renal insufficiency (rare) Stimulants Includes caffeine doses of 2 to 3 mg/kg have been shown to improve performance works by reducing fatigue and increasing alertness previously banned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) now allowed up to 12 micrograms per milileter of urine ephedra ephedrine "ma huang" often included in energy drinks amphetamines Risks include dehydration impaired heat management high blood pressure nervous system impairment
QUESTIONS 1 of 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Previous Next Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK (OBQ08.62) An athlete asks about performance enhancing substances. Which of the following side effects is more common with creatine than with testosterone? Review Topic QID: 448 1 Muscle cramping 96% (2936/3051) 2 Hair loss 1% (21/3051) 3 Testicle atrophy 1% (41/3051) 4 Acne 1% (25/3051) 5 Impotence 1% (18/3051) ML 1 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 1 Sorry, this question is for PEAK Premium Subscribers only Upgrade to PEAK This is an AAOS Self assessment question. Orthobullets was not involved into the editorial process, and does not have the ability to alter. If you prefer to hide SAE questions on topics simply turn them off in your Content Settings (SAE07SM.45) What is the most common behavioral effect of anabolic steroid use in athletes? Review Topic QID: 8707 1 Increased aggression 95% (179/189) 2 Psychosis 0% (0/189) 3 Drug dependence 2% (4/189) 4 Depression 2% (4/189) 5 Mania 0% (0/189) ML 1 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 1 (OBQ07.268) A weightlifter informs you that he has been using methandrostenolone for performance enhancement. You advise him of the potential side effects. Which of the following has not been linked to the use of this product? Review Topic QID: 929 1 Decreased sperm count 2% (35/1402) 2 Hypertension 2% (32/1402) 3 Altered lipid profiles 2% (29/1402) 4 Acne 1% (19/1402) 5 Decreased vision 91% (1280/1402) ML 1 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 5 (OBQ07.238) At present, there is no widely accepted urine test to detect the use of which of the following performance-enhancing drugs? Review Topic QID: 899 1 Ephedrine 9% (95/1077) 2 Dihydroepiandosterone 6% (68/1077) 3 Androstenedione 4% (44/1077) 4 Human growth hormone 74% (797/1077) 5 Tetrahydrogestrinone 6% (68/1077) ML 2 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 4 (SBQ07SM.45) A 17-year-old wrestler is noted to demonstrate increased aggression and hostility toward others at school. These are the most common behavioral side effects of what performance enhancing drug? Review Topic QID: 1430 1 Furosemide 0% (5/1235) 2 Erythropoietin 4% (54/1235) 3 Stanozolol 79% (970/1235) 4 a-Ketoglutarate 16% (198/1235) 5 Propranolol 0% (3/1235) ML 2 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 3 (SBQ07SM.19) Which of the following is a side-effect from anabolic steroid use? Review Topic QID: 1404 1 Renal failure with secondary hyperpararthyroidism 13% (38/295) 2 Decrease in low density lipoprotein 2% (5/295) 3 Decreased blood pressure 1% (3/295) 4 Decrease in fat 5% (16/295) 5 Decrease in high density lipoprotein 78% (229/295) ML 3 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 5 (OBQ05.248) A 32-year-old professional cyclist suffered a myocardial infarction 6 months ago secondary to long term anabolic steroid use. Which of the following options describes the mechanism by which steroids most likely caused this patient's heart disease? Review Topic QID: 1134 1 Increased plasma levels of high density lipoproteins 5% (36/693) 2 Decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure 2% (14/693) 3 Increased plasma levels of low density lipoproteins 77% (531/693) 4 Alteration of myocardial conduction patterns 6% (40/693) 5 Direct endothelial damage to coronary arteries 10% (72/693) ML 3 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 3 (OBQ05.215) What effect does glucagon have on skeletal muscle? Review Topic QID: 1101 1 Anabolic 24% (360/1495) 2 Catabolic 68% (1021/1495) 3 No effect 6% (89/1495) 4 Nootropic 0% (2/1495) 5 Ergogenic 1% (22/1495) ML 3 Select Answer to see Preferred Response PREFERRED RESPONSE 2
Login to View Community Videos Login to View Community Videos 2018 Winter SKS Meeting: Shoulder, Knee, & Sports Medicine Pre-performance Medications - what is safe, what is allowed? - Thomas Carter, MD (4.13, 2018 Winter SKS) Thomas Carter Knee & Sports - Steroids & Stimulants 8/15/2018 198 views Upgrade to View Premium Videos Upgrade to View Premium Videos Sport Medicine Board Prep Video Collection Series Anabolic Steroid Use and Abuse in Sports Medicine - Dr. Scott Rand Scott Rand Knee & Sports - Steroids & Stimulants 10/19/2013 517 views