Plantar fascia Plantar fascia (windlass mechanism) origin medial calcaneal tuberosity insertion base of the 5th metatarsal (lateral band), plantar plate and bases of the five proximal phalanges function increase arch height as toes dorsiflex during toe-off major (2nd most important) medial arch support Hindfoot Overview consists of articulation between talus calcaneus Joints subtalar joint has 3 facets login to view 6 more bullets motion login to view 2 more bullets transverse tarsal joint (Chopart joint) consists of two components login to view 11 more bullets motion login to view 5 more bullets function login to view 1 more bullet Midfoot Overview starts at the articulation between the navicular and cuneiforms consists of articulations between the cuboid and fourth and fifth metatarsals tarsometatarsal joint (TMT joint) Midfoot joints naviculocuneiform and intercuneiform joints connected by a dense ligamentous structure that permits little motion between the joints tarsometatarsal joint(Lisfranc joint) consists of login to view 2 more bullets divided into three columns login to view 11 more bullets ligament support of the TMT joint login to view 12 more bullets motion login to view 5 more bullets function login to view 4 more bullets Forefoot Overview extends from tarsal-metatarsal joint to tips of toes bones consists of phalanges login to view 3 more bullets metatarsals login to view 5 more bullets Joints consists of metatarsophalangeal joints proximal interphalangeal joints distal interphalangeal joints Ligaments and tendons transverse metatarsal ligament function login to view 3 more bullets conjoined tendon of the adductor hallucis muscles broad insertion over the lateral aspect of the lateral sesamoid and lateral aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx plantar plate made up of a dense phalangeosesamoidal complex plantar plate of 2nd MTP must become lax before abnormal dorsal translation of proximal phalanx can occur once attenuated, most deforming force is EDL weakest at origin of metatarsal neck Joint reaction forces second metatarsal experiences more stress during gait most commonly metatarsal to have a stress fracture